TERMINOLOGY

HARDPOINT
A place on a ship’s hull where any given piece of equipment is attached, from engines to power plants to seats to avionics motherboards
MOUNT
The intermediary item that connects a weapon to a hardpoint; up until 1.1, these were almost universally required
FIXED MOUNT
A mount that is mostly static and cannot be aimed independently of the ship – it always faces directly forward, e.g. the 300’s default wing mounts in 1.0.3
GIMBAL / GIMBALLED MOUNT / TURRET
These terms all refer to a weapon mount that can rotate and aim independently of the ship, e.g. the Super Hornet’s ball turret
MANNED TURRET
A turret station manually operated by a person sitting inside it, e.g. the Retaliator’s turrets
AUTOMATED TURRET
A turret operated automatically by a targeting computer, e.g. the Freelancer’s side guns
MONOBOAT
A ship equipped with weapons that all have the same projectile speed, thus allowing them to all converge on a moving target the same point and inflict huge damage

From: http://imperialnews.network/2015/03/closer-look-weapon-mounts/